The Story Behind: Red Letter Bible Editions

By Steve Eng
(Bible Collectors’ World – Jan/Mar 1986)
 

For many Christians, a Bible without the words of Christ in red is almost unthinkable. But like other standard Bible features (such as chapter and verse numbers), the origin of the practice is virtually forgotten.

It is a surprisingly recent innovation, instigated by Louis Klopsch (1852-1910), an enterprising immigrant journalist. Born in Germany, he was brought to New York at age two, where the family did not fare well. Louis left school early, and by age twenty was editing a merchants’ trade newspaper. He enhanced the columns by interspersing Bible passages in the text. Then he managed to buy a print shop, and became a successful publisher. By 1890 he was American editor of the British weekly, The Christian Herald. He later bought it out, and before his death had hiked its circulation from 30,000 to a quarter million.

In his teens he had been captivated by a service conducted by Rev. T. DeWitt Talmage. He made Talmage an editor of his paper, and conceived the idea of distributing his sermons to hundreds of newspapers. Thus he may have invented the modern tactic of syndication.

Then on June 19, 1899, while composing an editorial, his eye fell upon Luke 22:20: “This cup is the new testament in my blood, which I shed for you.” Seizing upon the symbolism of blood, Klopsch asked Dr. Talmage if Christ’s words could not be printed in red. His mentor replied: “It could do no harm and it most certainly could do much good.”

This new adjunct to the New Testament of course had to include the words of Jesus quoted by others, in Acts and Revelation. It was decided to exclude anticipations of Christ (“Christophanies”) in the Old Testament. An initial edition of 60,000 “Red Letter Testaments” was soon sold out. Accolades streamed in, from the King of Sweden (a telegram) to President Theodore Roosevelt (a dinner invitation which Louis Klopsch accepted).

Klopsch also pioneered American overseas charities in a massive fashion, raising more than three million dollars through his newspaper. He aided famine victims in many places such as Sweden and Japan. Still his legacy of the red-letter Bible is his silent, largely uncredited monument.

Red letters are especially useful in the King James Version and in other translations where quotation marks are not used. There are also those super-intricate quotations-within-quotations (some of them four times removed), where the red letters are crucial for separating the words of Christ from surrounding text.

Of course some large-print Bibles omit red letters since they are an obstacle for the vision-impaired (such as Nelson’s Black Letter Giant Print Bible, KJV). One company unsuccessfully tried to print Christ’s words in green. Some publishers use a pinkish red that is hard to read. Often the precise shade of red is left to the printer’s discretion—or whim. Frank Couch, New Products Planner for Thomas Nelson Bibles, emphasizes that Nelson insists upon a specific hue of brick red, distinctive yet easier to read.

So, despite the changes in Bible publishing, the red-letter option seems to be a solid fixture welcomed and demanded by vast numbers of Christians. Red letters have been a venerable Bible asset for eighty-five years.

Reprinted by permission from Triads Quarterly.

 

 

http://www.biblecollectors.org/articles/red_letter_bible.htm

 

 

Wikipedia

 

Red letter edition bibles are those in which the Dominical words—those spoken by Jesus Christ, commonly only those spoken during his corporeal life on Earth—are printed rubricated, in red ink. This is a modern practice derived from the art and Roman Catholic practice in mediaeval scriptoria of rubricating headings, leading letters of sectional text, and words of text in manuscripts for emphasis, similar to italicization.

 

 

The inspiration for rubricating the Dominical words comes from Luke, 22:20: "This cup is the new testament in my blood, which I shed for you." On 19 June 1899, Louis Klopsch, then editor of The Christian Herald magazine, conceived the idea while working on an editorial. Klopsch asked his mentor Rev. Thomas De Witt Talmage what he thought of a testament with the Dominical words rubricated and Dr. Talmage replied, "It could do no harm and it most certainly could do much good."

 

Klopsch published the first modern red letter edition New Testament later in 1899. The first modern, fully rubricated bible was published in 1901. The rubricated bible instantly became popular, and is sometimes favored by Protestant Christians in the United States. Especially in King James Version editions, this format is useful because quotation marks are absent.

 

Because the original texts of the Sacred Scriptures do not have quotation marks, which words exactly are Dominical has been interpreted, as opposed to explanatory text that follows them. For example, a footnote in the New International Version for John, 3:21 explains that "Some interpreters end the quotation after verse 15."[3] In addition, some publishers have chosen to rubricate the Dominical words after His Ascension to Heaven, for example, His words spoken to Saul on the road to Damascus in Acts of the Apostles, 9, and the Dominical words spoken to St. John in Revelation, 1-3. Thus, rubrications may not exactly correspond to Dominical words and may vary by edition.

 

A feature of the first Klopsch edition[citation needed] is that the Dominical words were also italicized. This rather defeated the specific use of italics in the King James Version to mark words supplied by the translators that are not present in the original texts.[citation needed] From the title page:

 

Red Letter Edition

WITH THE WORDS OF OUR LORD AND SAVIOUR

SET FORTH IN DIGNIFIED RED ITALICS

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_letter_edition